Material quality requirements for cold heading steels
- Excellent surface quality ensuring zero-defect situation so that forged components have no defects
- Good control over ovality to ensure smooth forging process.
- Good control over mechanical properties such as tensile strength and reduction is to ensure proper cold forgeability and productivity
- Completely descaled surface to avoid forging defects such as scale pits and resultant surface roughness.
- Suitable metallurgical structure to ensure proper machinability level.
- Good and uniform response to heat treatment since the components are always treated in bulk.
Category | SAE/AISI | DIN | IS | EN |
Low Carbon & Medium Carbon Grades | 1008 | – | – | – |
1010 | CK-10 | C10 | – | |
1012 | CK-10 | C10 | EN2A | |
1015 | CK-15 | – | EN32B | |
1018 | – | C-15Mn75 | EN2C | |
1020 | C-20 | C-2SMn75 | EN3A | |
1025 | – | – | – | |
1040 | – | – | – | |
1045 | – | – | – | |
Carbon Manganese | 1541 | 36Mn7 | 37C15 | EN1S |
Boron Grades | 10B21 | – | 21C10BT | – |
15B25 | – | 26C1OBT | – | |
15B41 | – | – | – | |
Crome-Moly | 4135 | – | – | – |
4140 | – | 40CR4MO3 | EN-19 |
Dimensional Specifications (As rolled)*
Diameter Range | Ovality | Permissible Tolerance |
5.5-9.0 mm | 0.2 mm max | ± 0.15 mm |
10-25 mm | 0.3 mm max | ± 0.20 mm |
26-36 mm | 0.4 mm max | ± 0.30 mm |
* In specific cases stricter specifications can be met.
Particulars | Block Route (5.5 mm to 11 mm dia) | Garret Route(12 mm to 36 mm dia) |
Coil Weight | 1500 kgs max | 1500 kgs max |
Coil Inner Diameter | 800 mm | 800 mm |
Coil Outer Diameter | 1200 mm | 1500 mm |
Coil Height | 900 mm | 1100 mm |
Binding | Strap | Strap |
Wire Rods Rolled Sizes :
CHEMICAL COMPOSlTIONS or TYPICAL COLD FORGING QUALITY GRADES :
CARBON STEELS
BORON STEELS
ALLOY STEELS
Bearing steels are special class of low alloy steels, typically with 1% carbon and 1.4% chromium. Manganese and Molybdenum are added in certain special cases.